How does industry align with biology?
Be it octopus or owl: Many companies in Germany use natural role models to overcome technical challenges. We reveal three examples.
Be it a down jacket, Velcro fastener or aircraft – many inventions are based on biological models. We present three German companies that are focusing on bionics.
The gentle power of an octopus
Robots have long since found their way into industrial manufacturing. The issue of how powerful robotic grippers handle fragile objects remained unresolved for a long time. Until the family-owned company Festo from Esslingen am Neckar used examples from nature for its automation solutions. Their “TentacleGripper” is modelled on a flexible octopus arm. It consists of soft, flexible segments that are moved by air pressure. Other so-called soft robotics systems exhibit the flexibility of a fish fin to safely grip and move delicate objects.
The secret of the silent owl
Fans starting up when it’s necessary to move air often result in an irritatingly loud noise. Ziehl-Abegg from Künzelsau has just developed particularly quiet fan blades that resemble owl feathers. Because owls are famous for their virtually silent flight. These quiet fan blades have jagged edges and special profiles that simulate the wing feathers of a barn owl, thus reducing air turbulence and consequently noise. In addition to fans, this company produces drive systems and control technology, and is often inspired by bionic insights.
How does the lotus effect work?
The surfaces of devices and vehicles need to be protected against weathering and other environmental influences. The lotus flower is a good role model: The leaves of this Asiatic plant are always clean. That is due to its rough, textured leaf surface. This microstructure prevents fluids and dirt particles from adhering. Water rolls off in droplets, taking dirt and dust particles with it. Chemical group BASF has replicated this microstructure using lacquers and coatings. The treated surfaces become hydrophobic – water-repellent – and are primarily used in the construction and automotive industries. The coating also provides protection against environmental influences, which means that the materials last longer.
